Texas Porch

Topic

Home & Property

Buying or owning a home in Texas comes with its own playbook — appraisal districts, the homestead exemption you have to file for, MUD and PID districts that change the tax bill, windstorm and flood coverage on the coast, and foundations that move on Texas clay. Here is the help for the money side of your home.

Tools

Guides

Local context

Start with a place.

Each city page opens with what gives it character, then the appraisal-district, tax-office, and local checks that matter there.

Local Notes

Home & Property notes

668 notes

Texas-wide · Local districts

MUDs and PIDs can change the monthly feel of a house

A newer subdivision can carry extra district taxes or assessments.

Texas-wide · Closing

The owner title policy is negotiable, but local custom is real

Texas contracts and local practice often decide who pays.

Texas-wide · Insurance

Coastal homes need a windstorm conversation

A normal homeowners quote may not answer the wind and hail question.

Texas-wide · Insurance

Flood risk is not only a coastal problem

Hill Country creeks and Houston bayous can both make flood insurance worth checking.

Texas-wide · Places

A Texas mailing address is not a city-limit answer

Postal identity, city services, zoning, police, STR rules, and taxes can split apart.

Anderson County · Floodplain permits

A Dry-Looking Anderson County Lot Can Still Sit in a Regulated Floodplain

A parcel near a creek or the Trinity bottom can look high and dry in June and still fall inside a mapped floodplain, and Anderson County's 2023 ordinance wants a floodplain permit before you add fill or set a structure.

Anderson County · Water / Wells

A Groundwater District Regulates Water Wells in Anderson County

Small exempt wells are registered. Other wells need permits, and a temporary district pause now blocks new applications for them.

Anderson County · Land records

Anderson County's Deed Books Run All the Way Back to 1846

When a rural title question doesn't show up cleanly in a modern search, the answer is often in Anderson County's handwritten deed books, and the index runs from Volume A in 1846 right up through the 1980s.

Anderson County · City permits

Inside Palestine, the City Handles Permits, Not the County

Cross the Palestine city limits and a different rulebook applies. The city's Development Services office on N. Queen Street handles zoning, permits, addressing, plats, and historic-district review.

Anderson County · Septic / OSSF

You Need a Permit Before Installing a Septic System

Most septic work needs county approval first. A few narrow exceptions apply only when every condition is met.

Andrews County · Mineral rights / Oil and gas

Mineral rights and surface ownership often split in Andrews County

In Andrews County, the person who owns the land surface may not own the minerals underneath. The mineral owner has broad legal rights to access your property.

Angelina County · Water

ANRA provides water and wastewater service to parts of Angelina County

ANRA, the Angelina and Neches River Authority, provides water and wastewater service in parts of Angelina County. If you live outside a city, check with ANRA to see if service reaches your land.

Angelina County · Water / Wells

Water Wells in Angelina County Run Through PGCD and State Drilling Rules

A rural water well here starts with Pineywoods GCD forms, then still has to meet Texas driller and spacing rules.

Angelina County · Water / Septic

You need a permit before installing a septic system in Angelina County

In Angelina County, you must get a permit before installing or repairing a septic system. ANRA handles that permitting process.

Aransas County · Coastal windstorm / Insurance

Coastal Windstorm Coverage: TWIA and the WPI-8 Certificate in Aransas County

Aransas County is in the Texas windstorm insurance zone. Most properties need a WPI-8 certificate to get wind and hail coverage through TWIA.

Aransas County · Flood / Hurricane

Hurricane Evacuation Planning for Aransas County

Aransas County sits directly in the Texas hurricane belt, and the City of Rockport uses a phased, time-based evacuation system. Voluntary evacuations begin 40 hours before a storm; mandatory orders start at 32 hours and ramp up from there.

Archer County · Mineral rights / Oil and gas

Archer County land and mineral rights can split

In Archer County, the person who owns the ranch or lot may not own the oil, gas, or minerals under it.

Armstrong County · Water

Well Water in Armstrong County Comes from the Ogallala Aquifer

Rural land in Armstrong County gets water from the Ogallala Aquifer. It is a large underground source that is slowly shrinking.

Atascosa County · Flood

Checking flood risk before you buy in Atascosa County

The Atascosa River and its tributaries can flood; FEMA flood maps show which properties are in high-risk zones and whether flood insurance is required.

Atascosa County · Oil and gas / Mineral rights

Eagle Ford Shale and mineral rights in Atascosa County

Atascosa County is in the Eagle Ford Shale. If you buy land here, you need to know who owns the minerals underneath it.

Atascosa County · Water / Wells

Water wells and the Evergreen Underground Water Conservation District

Rural properties in Atascosa County that rely on private wells are regulated by the Evergreen Underground Water Conservation District, which requires permits for most new wells.

Austin County · Flood

The Brazos River forms the eastern edge of Austin County — and a real flood risk

The Brazos River runs along Austin County's eastern border. Property near the river and its tributaries can sit in a FEMA high-risk flood zone. That can mean required flood insurance and stricter building rules.

Bailey County · Water / Wells

Groundwater in Bailey County Comes from the Ogallala Aquifer

Bailey County gets nearly all its water from the Ogallala Aquifer. A local district controls how much you can pump from a new well.

Bandera County · Water / Groundwater

Bandera County has its own groundwater district — wells need a permit

Most new water wells in Bandera County need a permit from the Bandera County River Authority and Groundwater District (BCRAGD) before you start drilling.

Bandera County · Flood

Flash flooding on the Medina River is a serious hazard in Bandera

The Medina River runs through the town of Bandera and can rise extremely fast during heavy rain. USGS and BCRAGD have built a flood early warning system that lets residents track river levels in real time.

Bastrop County · Flood

Building Near the Colorado River Means a Floodplain Permit

Bastrop County requires a permit before you build in or near the 100-year floodplain, with stricter rules for structures inside the flood zone.

Bastrop County · Water / Wells

Lost Pines Groundwater Conservation District Regulates Wells

The Lost Pines Groundwater Conservation District, created by voters in 2002, issues water well permits and oversees groundwater use in Bastrop and Lee counties.

Bastrop County · Water / Septic

Septic System Permit Required Outside City Sewer Service

Most rural land in Bastrop County has no public sewer. You need a licensed professional and a county permit before you can install a septic system.

Bastrop County · Wildfire

Wildfire Is a Real Risk in the Lost Pines Area

The 2011 Bastrop County Complex Fire burned for 55 days, destroyed over 1,600 homes, and scorched nearly all of Bastrop State Park, a sign of how much wildfire exposure homes in the Lost Pines area carry.

Baylor County · Water / Groundwater

Drilling a well in Baylor County? You are tapping the Seymour Aquifer

The Seymour Aquifer is the main freshwater source under Baylor County. The Rolling Plains Groundwater Conservation District oversees well permits and water use in the county.

Bee County · Water / Wells

Bee Groundwater Conservation District: Well Rules for Rural Properties

Most of Bee County is inside the Bee Groundwater Conservation District, which controls how landowners drill new water wells.

Bee County · Mineral rights / Oil and gas

Mineral Rights and Surface Owners in Bee County

Bee County has a long oil and gas history. In Texas, whoever owns the mineral rights can enter your land to drill, even if you own the surface.

Bell County · Water

Bell County's drinking water comes from two Army Corps reservoirs

Much of Bell County's municipal water starts at Lake Belton and Stillhouse Hollow Reservoir, with Bell County WCID No. 1 serving the big Killeen-Belton-Copperas Cove system.

Bell County · Flood

Flood zones and floodplain rules in Bell County

Bell County has significant floodplain areas along the Leon, Lampasas, and Little rivers, and the county engineer enforces federal FEMA rules for any construction near those areas.

Bell County · Water

Private water wells and the Clearwater Underground Water Conservation District

If you drill a private well in Bell County, you work with the Clearwater Underground Water Conservation District, which registers wells and protects the county's groundwater.

Bell County · Water / Septic

Septic system permits in Bell County

Bell County septic systems use the OSSF permit process through the Bell County Public Health District and TCEQ rules.

Bell County · Short-term rental

Short-term rental rules vary by city in Bell County

Killeen and Belton each require permits and inspections before you can rent your home short-term. Rules differ by city and can change.

Bell County · Weather hazard

Tornado risk in Bell County

Bell County has recorded tornadoes going back to the 1880s. Spring thunderstorm season along I-35 brings real tornado risk every year.

Bell County · Land use

Unincorporated Bell County has no zoning – what that means for buyers

Outside Bell County city limits, there is no zoning, so neighbors can run livestock operations, small businesses, or other uses without getting county approval.

Bexar County · Air quality

Bexar County remains a serious ozone nonattainment area

Bexar County is classified as serious nonattainment under the 2015 ozone standard, while AirNow gives the more useful day-to-day reading.

Bexar County · Building permits

Commercial and multi-family (4+ unit) construction in unincorporated Bexar County needs a county building permit

There is no zoning in unincorporated Bexar County, but commercial, public, and residential construction with four or more units still needs a county building permit. All work must meet the 2021 International Code Series.

Bexar County · Flood / Insurance

Draft and effective flood maps answer different questions in Bexar County

The River Authority's draft data can show emerging risk, while FEMA's effective map controls federal flood-zone and mortgage-insurance decisions.

Bexar County · Land use / Development

No zoning rules in unincorporated Bexar County

If your land is outside any city limits in Bexar County, the county has no zoning rules, but other rules still apply.

Bexar County · Severe weather

Read the storm alerts and the insurance page before hail season

Bexar County thunderstorms can bring hail, wind, tornadoes, and flash flooding, but home and auto coverage depends on the policy you actually bought.

Bexar County · City limits / ETJ

San Antonio's ETJ reaches far into unincorporated Bexar County

Land outside San Antonio city limits but inside its Extraterritorial Jurisdiction can still face some city rules, and only the city can annex that land.

Bexar County · Water conservation

SAWS drought stages can restrict when and how much you water outdoors

SAWS ties outdoor watering schedules to the Edwards Aquifer's 10-day average, so the allowed day and hours can change as drought deepens.

Bexar County · Septic / OSSF

Septic systems in Bexar County require a county permit

All septic systems in unincorporated Bexar County need a county permit. Existing systems without one must be registered.

Bexar County · Emergency preparedness

Set up Bexar County alerts before the weather turns

Bexar County offers general emergency alerts, a regional preparedness app, and separate crossing alerts for roads you choose to monitor.

Bexar County · Environmental / TCEQ

TCEQ's Bexar County Superfund map is a starting point, not a verdict

TCEQ maps current and former state and federal Superfund sites in Bexar County, with a separate record explaining each site's status.

Bexar County · Water supply

The Edwards Aquifer helps explain how San Antonio lives with water

The limestone Edwards Aquifer supplies San Antonio-area water, feeds major springs, and ties everyday conservation rules to a well called J-17.

Bexar County · Wildfire

Wildfire risk is real in Bexar County's wildland-urban interface

Some Bexar County homes sit close to brush or grassland, so wildfire planning belongs on the home checklist.

Blanco County · Water / Groundwater

Drilling a Water Well Requires a Permit in Most Cases

All wells in Blanco County must be registered with the Blanco-Pedernales Groundwater Conservation District, and any well capable of producing more than 25,000 gallons per day needs a separate operating permit.

Blanco County · Flood

Flash Floods on the Blanco River Can Rise with Little Warning

The Blanco River and its tributaries can rise extremely fast during heavy rain, making flooding one of the most serious natural hazards for anyone buying or living in low-lying areas of Blanco County.

Borden County · Water / Groundwater

Borden County Has No Groundwater Conservation District — Well Rules Are Minimal

Borden County does not have a local groundwater conservation district, which means there are no local permits required to drill a water well, but the county sits in a drought-prone area where groundwater levels in the Ogallala Aquifer have been declining for decades.

Borden County · Oil & gas / Mineral rights

Oil and Gas Activity in Borden County Means Mineral Rights Matter

Borden County has produced oil since 1949 and falls within Railroad Commission District 8A, so buyers of rural land should check whether mineral rights are included in a sale or have already been severed.

Bosque County · Flood / Roads

Low-water crossings and flash floods are a real danger in Bosque County

The Bosque River and its tributaries can rise fast during heavy rain, turning low-water crossings into deadly hazards and making flood zone status an important factor when buying rural property.

Bosque County · Water / Wells

New water wells in Bosque County require a permit from a groundwater district

Bosque County is part of the Middle Trinity Groundwater Conservation District, which requires permits for new wells drawing from the Trinity Aquifer.

Bowie County · Septic / Water

Homes outside city limits in Bowie County likely need a septic permit

If your home has no public sewer, Texas law says you need a permitted septic system. Bowie County has a local office that issues those permits.

Bowie County · Flood

Look up your flood zone before buying property near the Red River or Sulphur River

Bowie County has significant river flood risk along the Red River and Sulphur River, and FEMA flood maps determine whether your lender will require flood insurance.

Bowie County · Property tax

Two separate offices handle appraisal and tax collection in Bowie County

The Bowie Central Appraisal District sets property values, while a separate Tax Assessor-Collector handles billing, so knowing which office to call saves confusion.